In the real world, transfer/delegation of powers is a common practice. To realized the delegation of powers in electronic world, Mambo, Usuda and Okamoto proposed the first proxy signature scheme. Since that presentation, various new schemes and their improvements have been introduced. Verma also proposed a proxy signature scheme over braid groups. This paper analyzes Verma’s scheme and found out that his scheme suffers with many serious security flaws">

A novel remote user authentication scheme using smart card based on ECDLP is presented by Jena et al.  The authors claimed that the presented remote user authentication scheme is secure against all security threats. This paper proves that the proposed scheme is vulnerable to serious security threats and also proves that does not satisfy the attributes of an ideal password authentication scheme">

In order to improve the road traffic safety ability and identify the potential risk factors affecting road traffic safety, the AHP was used to investigate the factors affecting the traffic safety of trunk highways, and the principle of constructing the safety evaluation index system is followed to scientifically construct the trunk road safety. Evaluate the indicator system and calculate the weight values of each influencing factor. The results show that the road geometry design accounts for 59.3%, which is the most important factor affecting road safety. The traffic environment accounts for 28%, and the impact on traffic safety is also serious. It is concluded that improving the geometric design of highways has become the primary task of reducing road traffic safety risks. Scientific and rational geometric design is the prerequisite for ensuring traffic safety.">

With the development of the national economy and the advancement of the urbanization process, many cities and areas in our country have serious traffic congestion and congestion. Congestion charging is an effective measure to solve the congestion problem, which is widely used in urban traffic management. This paper mainly introduces the principle, classification and function of urban road congestion charges, and outlines the theoretical basis of implementing urban congestion charges in China.">

Due to scarcity of petroleum products, the used engine oils can be found useful as engine oil in engine after purifying it. Increase in energy demand, stringent emission norms and depletion of oil resources have led researchers to find alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. On the other hand, waste oils pose a very serious environment challenge because of their disposal problems all over the world. In this study, waste oils are currently receiving renewed interest. In recent years, diminishing of fossil fuel sources, growing of demand and cost of petroleum based fuels, and environmental hazards as a result of burning of them have encouraged researchers to investigate possibility of using alternative fuels instead of the fossil fuels. The reformer is a machine which is used for converting waste motor oil into diesel fuel. Waste motor oil is any petroleum-based oil that has been used. During normal use, impurities such as dirt, metal scrapings, water or chemicals get mixed in with the oil or be generated in it due to thermal degradation or oxidation, which causes the oil quality to gradually decrease. The method used in the construction of the reformer is the pyrolysis method which involves heating the waste motor oil in the absence of oxygen at about 400 °C to produce a condensable vapour which is been condensed into diesel fuel by the condensing unit of the reformer. The materials used in construction of the reformer are the reactor (which comprises of the reflux and the still), condenser, blower, burner and the circuit box. Diesel gotten from the process was observed to be clean, technically suitable, economically viable and less responsible to pollute the environment. From the result, it is evident that waste oils that have been converted into diesel are efficient and suitable to use as a diesel fuel. Though the viscosity and fuel consumption rate was observed to be higher than normal diesel when tested on a motor vehicle.

In this study, the amount of distortion and temperature distribution during the welding assembly of the suspension arm of a rail car was investigated using numerical experiment. Some parameters used in the study serves as the input parameters into ANSYS and simufact software version 5.0 for the simulation of the arc welding process at ambient temperature of 25^oC. The simulation result obtained from both software indicates that the amount of distortion is significant. The simulation of the welding process optimises the process and minimally reduce error as well as ensuring a good knowledge of the techniques involved. Furthermore, optimized welding processes results in the development of reliable weld joints and shorter welding cycles via efficient process development.

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea I.) is one of the world’s principal oil seed crops that is rich in protein and has a high energy value. The difficulties inherent in decorticating in-shell groundnut to obtain high quality kernels have posed a bottleneck among the unit operations in groundnut processing. There is a dire need to improve the available existing mechanical groundnut decorticator by establishing the best processing conditions with a view of increasing the quantity and the quality of the processed kernels. Dried groundnut pods were directly fed into the hopper of the machine with a control plate. The dried groundnut was then subjected to three moisture contents (8, 10 and 12% and at different machine speeds (250, 300 and 350 rpm). The measured parameters studied were clean, bruised and split kernels, throughput capacity and material capacity. The highest decortication value of 75kg/h was achieved at a machine speed of 250 rpm at a moisture content of 10%. The least average decortication value of 55% in term of cleaned kernels was recorded at a machine speed of 350 rpm at a moisture content of 8%. Conclusively, the existing mechanical groundnut decorticators available in the market will perform better if operated at best processing conditions.

With the growth of population and the intensification of energy pressure, green travel has increasingly become a mode of travel advocated by the society.  In order to cope with the energy crisis and promote the development of the automotive industry, the recovery of braking energy has become a new trend in automotive research. In particular, for buses, frequent starting brakes are required, resulting in serious energy waste, making research on braking energy recovery of pure electric buses extremely urgent.Through a series of scientific methods, this paper studies the 12-meter pure electric bus based on its actual working conditions, and chooses a more economical and environmentally-friendly pure electric bus braking energy recovery strategy to reduce energy waste and increase brake service life. Improve the energy efficiency of the vehicle and increase the battery life.

With China's national economic development and population growth make the highway in our country and the rapid development of high-speed rail. The infrastructures save people travel time, reduce the transportation cost, provides travelers with a high speed, safe and comfortable travel environment, has the good economic efficiency and social benefits, highways and high-speed rail, in turn, will affect the country's GDP development. Many books on the economic impact of transportation infrastructure often mention that the development of transportation infrastructure is often considered as a catalyst for urban economic growth. This paper makes a spatial econometric analysis by examining the relationship between economic strength and availability benefits caused by highways and high-speed rail. According to the assessment results, the city's gross domestic product (GDP) increased significantly with the growth of population, passenger flow and foreign direct investment.This paper proposes ways to accelerate GDP growth, such as changing the blind development and endless investment mode to free and open China's highways and speeding up high-speed railway, which can improve economic strength.